This play is really a piece of veiled social criticism, its theme on the failure of the American dream Essay Example for Free

This wanton away is veryly a piece of veiled social criticism, its theme on the unsuccessful person of the American ro art objectce Es avowIn the American day romance, America is portrayed as the land of opportunity the correct place for e genuinelyone to live, all the stereotypical Americans atomic number 18 big, comfortable, rich, and altogether happy. They portray the image that through hard work, honesty and merit, they as well can reach the top, have a large house, lots of money and the undefiled all American family, a loving happy wife and two clever children. The play, however, could be Albees attempt to show that in many cases this American dream is unachievable and, what could appear at first to be the perfect family could, on closer examination, plait out to be something not confirming to the American dream whatsoever. This could also be Albee showing that the American dream is a perfect image, and just an image.At first sight, Martha and George appear to be as far away(predicate) from the American dream and its ideals as is possible. They are perpetually scrapping with each other and bickering and findm not to have a nice word to say to the other. At one point Martha quotes You see, George didnt have muchpushhe wasnt particularly aggressive. In fact, he was a sort of aa FLOP A greatbigfatflop Martha is portraying her husband in no uncertain terms to his colleagues.This encourages us bring forward that no equate from the American dream scenario would do something same this. She is blatantly betraying her husband, and more importantly, destroying the happy family element of the American dream. As the play draws on, however, we find more and more evidence of a joyous marriage, hidden behind a bassened exterior from years of drill their wits. We can find several examples of their have it off the first being in the lounge shortly by and by the gun incident when Martha asks George to kiss her to demonstrate his affection. The tur n some more complicated issue, when she leaves with break away and, despite no obvious signs of objection George really wishes she would reconsider the idea.At the beginning, break away and sexual love seem like the perfect all-American couple- young, attractive, on their way to success. Nicks attractiveness is portrayed in the opening move dialogue between George and Martha, as she describes Nick and George remembers him as the good looking one. As the play progresses, a different couple emerges. Nick reveals himself to be cold-hearted and a bit ruthless ready to do whatever it takes to get to the top. passion seems poor and hopelessly inane until she reveals herself to be deeply frightened of reality, an eternal child who refuses to grow up to the responsibilities of life (as represented by childbirth). Nick comprehends George and Marthas secret, tho whether he is changed by it is a question the play doesnt answer. As Martha is describing her son, Honey cries out that she w ants a child, but Honeys future is ambiguous, too. Whether she will feel the same way after she has sobered up is never clarified.Nick appears to be the perfect candidate for the American dream. He is good looking, successful in his frolic, has the perfect all American wife, and a good outlook on life. As the plot progresses we spark off to see a wider perspective on Nicks life. He is not honest and we can see this in the middle scene when he is willing to further his apportioner by sleeping with the principals daughter. This act is not worthy of any merit and he appears to not regret doing it either, definitely not a quality of the American dream hero. His wife also doesnt appear very committed to his job as she greatly begrudged having to make friends and acquaintances at Nicks previous post. She even went as far as to moan about this to her husbands colleagues, despite the fact that these were good and honest, merit-worthy ways to advocate her husband in reaching the top.Mart ha is a large busy-bodying woman who is extremely unsafe. She shows a need for love, which can easily lead to her getting hurt. In the very beginning she asks George for a kiss. When he refuses she appears to not mind but we can feel huge waves of upset coming from beneath the surface. We believe that she feels her marriage is insecure and that because she cant love herself she cant understand why George can love her. We see her, as loud boisterous and bossy but is she really? Her thick outer shell could simply be her way of preventing herself getting hurt, or it could be more simply, that she uses the attention she gets from the joking as a alternative for the love that she never got as a child.Her control over George is seen right from the beginning, she is extremely over possessive of their marriage and yet at times she appears as if she couldnt care less. Whereas all the other showcases have a definite personality, which becomes more defined throughout the play, Marthas person ality changes by the minute. At first she enjoys poking fun at everyone, then she doesnt and then she just collapses. We perceive this as either Albee forever and a day adapting her character to the changing events in the play or his way of making this character really come alive in a place true to our hearts where we can all identify with her.George is the typical middle age college professor, espouse, stereotypical, but not the American dream man. He is lousy in his career and his wife is quick to point this out. He has not conformed to Marthas plans for him to become a steep standing man in the university, taking over the department and eventually the college. Despite his apparent failure in his work he is a man who has certain principles and sticks with them.He doesnt however object to Marthas adultery, he hopes that even d stimulate to the very last minute, she will change her mind and not simply celebrate pushing to see how far she can go onwards George will object. We ca n all see however, that George is very sad when Martha has pushed beyond the point of no return and will not change her mind he really loves her. At the end of the play he also turns out to push things too far, but this does not make a difference to our thoughts that he is more fulfilling of the American dream than Martha, Honey or Nick.Honey is a very mercurial character she simply does what suits herself best. In the first chapter of the play she admits to George that she doesnt really want children and, without telling her husband is having secret abortions. This is cruel and mean. It could bring their marriage crashing to the ground, and could also greatly upset Nick when he finds out. She is aware of this but goes ahead with the abortions anyway. Does this, the consultation ask, make her an uncaring character? The answer is no, she is aware of the fact that Nick get married her for her money and not love so she therefore is not 100% careful of her marriage. She drinks hersel f silly at the end of the first scene and then return key to continue drinking. An American dream character would have stopped before now, unless she is drinking to hide her sorrows or dreads.In the play, the audience is aware that two Martha and Honey have social problems. Honey drinks a lot to cover, and hide from her problems and Martha puts on an outer appearance of being loud and boisterous, despite the fact she isnt. Albee has given both of these characters domineering fathers who do not conform to the American dream. both men spent their years getting rich, not by hard work, but by stealing from the places they worked for, as we can see in these two extracts, the first from George on Marthas father Martha has money too. I mean, her fathers been robbing this place blind for years, and the second from Nick, He spent Gods moneyand he saved his own, Neither of the fathers spent much time at home either, and neglected their daughters, using their stolen money as a substitute f or love and affection. This deficiency in their childhood leads us, the audience to wonder if mayhap these earlier problems are some cause for the troubles they both succumb to in their own marriages.All the men in Albees play seem to have failed the American dream in terms of job ideals. None of them have a job where they have succeeded through honesty and loyalty. George is the only one who has been loyal, honest and hardworking, and he is still stuck in the mud at the bottom, in Marthas words, a flop. We do not find out how Marthas father got to the top whether honest or not. We do hear, however that he takes money from the university and has failed Martha as a father, leaving us in no doubt as to what sort of person he is.Nick has failed at a previous job and has come to a new university hoping to turn over a new leaf, this might well be believed if he didnt go and sleep with the principals daughter shortly after arriving. He also apologizes, before sleeping with her to George that she is the most important woman in the university, the biggest goose in the gaggle, leading us to believe that maybe hes sleeping with her just for the power. Honeys father is implicate by his son-in-law to burn down churches to get money not the sort of behaviour for a man of the American dream.Gamesmanship is one of the plays major themes and is expressed in the title of the first act, Fun and Games. Albee is emphasising the games everyone plays in life, particularly those that are harmful to us and to others. George and Marthas games have moved beyond the needs of a normal couple to chide each other for their faults. They now are capable of wounding each other deeply, as these games have become a substitute for real communication between them. In the play, their need to lash out extends to include Nick and Honey and the party games, including Humiliate the Host, Get the Guests, Bringing Up Baby, etc, bear the framework for their marital battles. Georges decision to kill h is and Marthas son provides the climactic game that may change their lives forever.Honey and Nick have no children, despite appearing, at first, to want a child. As we get inside this couple we discover that Nick is a biologist and would like children, whereas Honey is deeply apprehensive of having children. Honeys fear of childbirth goes as far as for her to have secret abortions without telling Nick. She confides this in George and he realises just how close to breaking point this marriage.No American dream marriage should ever be close to breaking point. Honeys secret appears only to make her marriage to Nick even more unstable, so we wonder why she doesnt tell him. As the play progresses, we can see George gently encouraging Honey to have her children instead of killing them until finally Honey announces dead and tearfully I want a child. This should be quite surprising to Nick, as he has assumed that she obviously wants a child, but it isnt so we think that maybe he has disco vered her abortions and simply kept quiet.The imaginary child is important to the play for several reasons. On one level, it gives the play suspense, as the audience wonders why George is so insistent that the subject of the child not be mentioned. On a symbolic level, the child represents George and Marthas need to share something private amid the clangoring of their marriage, even an illusion, since the thought of facing the reality of their lives is too painful. George doesnt want Martha to tell the guests about their child as we can see in some of the opening dialogueGeorge Just dont start in on the bit about the kid, thats all.Martha What do you take me for?George Much too much.Martha Yeah? Well Ill start in on the kid if I want to.Martha Just leave the kid out of this.George Id advise against it, Martha.This starts us wondering about their child, who he is, where he is etc. Another possibility is that the child represents the sterility of American lives, in which the dream of the perfect child is merely an illusion, impossible to achieve in a world of adultery, alcoholism, lying, and evasion. Finally, the child acts as the catalyst in Georges last gesture against Martha, a gesture both sadistic and healing. His decision to kill the child results in Marthas realisation that reality must be faced, whatever the consequences. And the consequences for both George and Martha are, at best, uncertain.George claimed that his mother was killed accidentally, with a scattergun. We consider why he claims this to be accidental. He had the shotgun and it went off. His carrying of the shotgun was no accident. It firing may have been, but why did he have a loaded shotgun pointed at his mother? He then goes on to claim that he was driving, his learners license in his pocket when he swerved and killed his father too.These are both cases of force play in what is definitely not a perfect American dream, despite appearing to be. Honey is a fragile, gentle lady who suddenly starts shouting violence violence when provoked. Martha and George are constantly having battles of a verbal nature and goes as far as to declare all out war of verbal violence, destined to end unhappily for everyone. A true American dream sociology would contain no violence so why is it such a prominent feature in the play?Both Nick and Honey seem to want totally different things from their marriage. Nick wants children, Honey doesnt. Honey wants love, Nick doesnt give any. It is a long way from the perfect American marriage. Nicks has married for money only and he only thinks he loves Honey, as she has found out as the recipient. During George and Nicks discussions, Nick tells George about how he married Honey, he explains that he thought Honey was pregnant and he therefore married her.After the marriage however, she turned out not to be pregnant. This leads us to wonder if she really was pregnant and then had an abortion or a miscarriage or whether she was just lying to Nick we a re not told the emergence of this. Later however, when George plays Get the Guests it emerges what Nick told George and Honey is extremely is upset, reprimanding Nick, who claims he didnt mean to. This makes us contemplate can a marriage where one half constantly does meaningless actions that upset the other seriously work?Marthas and Honeys need for love is a large element in the play. If they had been shown more love as children, maybe they wouldnt need it so much now. Marthas need from love is shown from the very beginning when they arrive and Martha asks for a kiss from George and when he refuses she asks repeatedley, then questions why he wont, fearing that their current exercising of wits has annoyed him.As the play draws on, Martha sleeps with Nick, believing she will get love from it, when she doesnt, she is very upset. It is not difficult for us to empathise with Martha, slightly harder for us to empathise with Honey. Honey was never loved as a child and is not really lov ed by Nick either this contributes to her frailness. We are led to believe that both married so they could get love, unsure of what it was and therefore unable to give it. Martha cannot understand how George could love her and believes their marriage is failing, despite the fact it isnt.When George tells Nick that the way to a mans heart is through his wifes belly Nick thinks George is joking. They talk for a bit calling the women a gaggle of geese and comparing them to The Puntas George continues to explain that sleeping around is the faculty sport and that everyone does. Surely not a good idea for a happy marriage on the American dream terms? As their conversation progresses, George encourages Nick to mount her like a goddamn dog, which Nick proceeds to do as the play unravels.When George realises that Nick is dead serious about sleeping with his wife, he tries to give Nick some advice. Nick refuses to listen and simply mocks George who gives up after trying once more. George has been at the university a long time so when he fails to be listened to he is very upset, which could be why he later encourages Nick to sleep with Martha, in total seriousness.Because of the differences in their ages, George and Nick represent two different generations. George is generally passive, weakened by his lack of success and by Marthas constant humiliation of him. Nick is young, ambitious, and amoral eager to get ahead by whatever means it takes. Their professions also contrast the two. A historian, George is also representative of a humanist, one who is interested in human values- in his case, with a particular interest in the past. A biologist, Nick represents both the future and the clinical, cold-hearted approach to life that threatens to rob mankind of its individuality. Albee ironically turns the tables on the characters when George is shown to be the one in control and the only one who has ever satisfied Martha. Nick, the stud, is impotent in his sexual encounter wit h Martha and becomes the houseboy, the subservient one.Whos afraid of Virginia Woolf is truly a portrait of humiliation and broken dreams. It is a piece of social criticism on the failure of the American dream. Albee has stated that the role of the author is to be, axiomatically, against any society he happens to be living in, and we can certainly find evidence to prove this statement as we look at and claim this play. The American dream is a state of perfection that can never be achieved. Martha and George who are happy but do not conform to the ideals and Nick and Honey who appear perfect, but under the surface are very strained.Martha is loud and boisterous but deeply unhappy, George is unsuccessful but loved and admired, Honey is unloved but delicate and beautiful, Nick is successful but not liked. All the men in the play appear unsuccessful when compared to the American dream. The games they play are not happy, or fun, but an excuse for verbal abuse. The characters are part o f a society where they hold all night orgies, use violence and drink to extremes. The play is a piece of social criticism on the failure of the American dream.

The cookie program Essay Example for Free

The cookie program Essay1. Can you identify examples of decision about each part of the mix that are being made in the cookie program?Yes, the decisions made on the cookie program is the Four Ps. Product what is being sold is the top merchandi babble girl scout cookies (thin mint, do-si-dos, trefoils, samosa, lemon chalet cream, and tagalongs Place the girl scout have to go to places that are in truth populated such as shopping union where there is a lot of people and coin is being spend. Promotions are commercial the Girl Scout organization make. The girls make sings for their table and have sing to attract people attentions. Pricing now the girl scouts are charging $4.00 rather than $3.50 this makes it better because is solid dollar amount and no change. This makes it easier for the girls to keep track of their money and is no change involve.2. How well do you think the Girl Scout cookies succeed in relationship marketing? I feel comparable they are very successful in re lationship marketing. They are very good at customer loyalty because there area lot of people that like their cookies a lot of their customer always wait for the girls scout to start selling cookies. Another factor of relationship marketing is interaction, they are taught to be very polite and say thank you to people even if they dont buy cookies. They are very good at interacting with since they are always asked what the money of the cookies is being utilize for. Long-term engagement is s strategy that directly engages consumers and invites and encourages consumers to continue to buy to a greater extent Girl Scout cookies.3. Do you think the experience of cookie selling, and more generally the lesson you might learn from this course about marketing and sales, can still be beneficial, especially to someone who might find the activities so difficult? Yes I feel like the experience of cookie selling and learning about marketing and money management is very beneficial to a girl scout . They let a life lesson and have an early perspective on how to manage money. It also teaches the girls scout how to do marketing which could help them in the prospective with marketing a school car wash or a sport event. They also get to see the actual side of sale because they get to talk to a professional sales trainer Jeff Goldberg that helps them in the future.

Huawei Business Model and Organisational Culture

Huawei transmission line organisation Model and Organisational CultureIntroductionThe purpose of this report is to use Huawei as the focus of an analysis and correspond and contrast bank line mock ups sweep uped by some other companies that operate indoors the smartph unmatchable industry. The analysis will then include a description on Huaweis organisational culture and the impact this has on the comp any(prenominal)s success. An analysis of Huaweis relationships with other companies and countries will be done to try and determine how this influences the supply drawing string and the distri thoion and logistics strategies.Comparison of business patterns, merchandise positioning and food market development of Huawei and its competitors at home and overseasA firms Business Model (BM) is thearticulation of the processes finished which resources argon leveraged to createand deliver mensurate to stakeholders eachowing the firm to generate a profit(Chesbrough,2010). For yea rs the high-end smartphone industry has beendominated by Apple and Samsung with both companies cosmosness involved in a worldwidecorporate battle since 2010 as Samsung who was back then a supplier to Applehad released a product that was fall outlying(prenominal) to similar to the iPhone. For years, thesetwo companies have been battling for superiority within the industry and onlyfocusing on beating each other but however one Chinese phone manufacturer ishoping to battle both companies to be recognised as one of the best. Huawei waspreviously known for distributing smartphones that were cheap and un- filthedbut the company is put away this business model and has re-invented its self tobecome a globally recognized brand by advancing rapidly into markets worldwide.Huawei has now become the worlds number tether smartphone brand and earneditself a 10% global market share (Samsung-23.3% and Apple-14.7%).Innovation of refreshed business modelsAsthe industry is getting more than a nd more intense and populated with smartphonesthat are constantly improving to be better than their competitors its gettingmore complicated to design a business model that sess meet targets and be thedominator of the smartphone industry. The business model is a report indicator ofwho is going to be at the top of the telecom market and the traditionalsmartphone business model is facing challenges that have never been dealt withbefore from issues that the companies have not necessarily had any influence onsuch(prenominal) as globalisation and the important role that internet plays in todaysworld. Having a flourishing business model has been key to the hop on and successof Huawei, they have even got their own Business Model Innovation Centre (BMIC)which has been praised for analysing current business models from itscompetitors to go through an end result of them bettering themselves as a globalorganisation. The BMIC develops methodologies and tools to help earmark thebusiness a cquaint at that place current business model to help the business to continuegrowth to be multilingual, multicultural and multinational with plenty of learning in key international markets. With the innovation of the businessmodel, its expected that advanced opportunities will arise but with threats also emerge from industry competitors it is imperative that the business model cancapitalize on these issues to run into that a well sustained profit is achievedalong with having that competitive advantage over its major competitors.Challenges of implementing a successful business modelTo ensure that these can be overcome as quickly and as safely as possible there are numerous challenges that essential be overcome, includingRevenue enhancement through differentiated user experienceBusinessmodel innovation that supports/monetizes new servicesCoststructure optimization for sustained profitabilityTransactionmodel adaptation that improves financialsParticipationin emerging disruptors su ch as cloud computingHuaweisrole is to help clients understand how and when to do these things so thattime-to-market and commercial risk are minimized.In recent years Huawei has worked hard to establish itself as the undisputednumber one smartphone brand in mainland China and part of their business model has beento establish themselves within other markets. Huawei has advanced aggressivelyinto other markets and focused mainly on boosting brand awareness andincreasing sales especially in Europe.Global recognitionIn Europe, the company is growing at an unprecedentedrate due to the company releasing better quality products and re-inventing thebrands image with high end merchandising campaigns. In particular, Europeans havebeen receptive of Huawei and are ditching previous mentality of either gettingthe latest iPhone or Samsung and open to trying new engineering science released byHuawei. Around half of Huaweis 100+million phone sales and 65% of the companysrevenue in 2016 was generate d from markets outside of its home country, China. Huawei saw an increase in market share as its popularity rapidly rose in countriessuch as Germany, Italy and Spain. The rise of Huawei has stif take the iPhonesmomentum in China and is now being recognised as the worlds third largestsmartphone make in 2016. For Huawei to continue this rise they have to continueto take a business model that can allow them to compete with Apple andSamsung. Adaptation of new business modelsWhenyou look at the rise of the Huawei its clear that the success has come fromadopting new business models to fit current market trends and to ensure thatthey remain competitive towards its competitors. The adaptation and change forits business models over the years has ensured that it remains a off-key horse inthe smartphone industry. Many years ago, Huawei was known for copeing cheapand cheerful products, which were renowned to not last very long. As a company,Huawei has invested millions in R&D to help them pu rsue better approachesto the industry and to try and get the company renowned as one of the best. Asyou can see from the image below the amount of units that Huawei now sellscompared to back in 2013 is a substantial improvement, which can effectively bedown to several improvements it has made as a company over the period of 3years. The willingness of adapting and changing its ideas to fit and matchcompanies such as Apple and Samsung will be a major factor of its success.Huaweis organisational culture Huaweihas a sharp vision, a vision to enrich life through communication. It focuseson its customers challenges and needs and strives to create maximum valuethrough splendid service (Huawei, 2013)The rise and success of Huawei has been brilliant and the visionary founder Ren Zhengfei who started the company when he had no money and no connections within the technology industry. He has been praised for implementing and sustaining a culture that thrives Huaweis employees in day-to-day bus iness and its this mentality that is continuously praised but has had some implications in the past. Back in 2008 one time of Huaweis employees jumped to his death in the companys headquarters and was the sixth employee to have committed suicide with the same mysterious circumstances. It has been blamed on Huaweis aggressive and ruth little corporate culture of adopting the wolf-culture, which is explained below. In most top companies today, they imprecate strongly on continuing the culture of the organization, which can often bear upon to beliefs and values which were originally set out when the company was first generated. For Huawei these factors have determined the success of company and it has been stated that this also differentiates them from other market leaders such as Apple and Samsung. Wolf-CultureThemain organisational culture of Huawei, which sets out its key values, beliefsand attitudes, which is followed by all of its organisational members, is knownas wolf-culture , this has three main characters, which are be asCharacter 1 Wolvesare bloodthirsty, employees of the company are extremely sensitive toinformation related to its main competitors and any changed within the marketitself and they could respond promptly and adapt to any changes to ensure theyremain successful. Character 2- Wolvesare resistant to coldness, the fearlessness of difficulties that may riseand eagerness of making progress are insisted to any member of Huawei nomatter how complicated the challenge may be.Character 3- Takingactions in teams, The atmosphere of team cooperation is particularly strongin Huawei and peck are encouraged to develop and share personal opinions witheach other (laoyzy, 2011). The wolf-culture brings Huawei a high level of keen insightabout the unsteady market and assists the company to quickly react to any existingopportunities. As a result, Huawei could expand its business volume aboutapproximately twenty percent every year (Heissougly, 2010). Huaw ei vision, mission and core valuesVision To enrich life through communication. Mission To focus on our customers market challenges and needs by providing excellent communications network solutions and services in order to consistently create maximum value for customers. Core Values To put the customers firstDedication Continuous ImprovementsOpenness and initiativeIntegrityTeamworkHuaweis relationships and partnerships in host countriesHuaweiis the only Chinese company out of 91 mainland Chinese companies listed on theFortune Global 500 list, which earns more revenue abroad than in China.Huaweis revenue from overseas markets exceeded that from the Chinese marketfor the first time in 2005. For the company this is a massive achievement and astep towards being recognised as the leading smartphone provider. Marketing CampaignsInrecent years Huawei has witnessed itself becoming increasingly popular out ofChina and seen a dramatic rise in its European sales, this surge in sales wasiniti ated by the improvement in product quality and the high profileadvertising campaigns it has created. Promotions for Huawei newest products arebeing advertised in several cities across Europe, some campaigns areCovering the trams of RotterdamThey have opened a flagship store in a prominent fixture atdowntown BrusselsGigantic Banners in Berlinand Lodz (Poland)In the city centre of Warsawlooks like an advertising convention and Huawei is the guest of honourThis successful campaign across European cities has also seen the company sponsor major European football teams such as Arsenal, AC Milan and Paris Saint-Germain. Huawei is not messing about when it comes to marketing, they are figuring out what can generate the most attention and ensuring that they get the brand more recognition as being one of the top smartphone providers. These campaigns across Europe is provided a fraction of what they are actually doing, they are also recruiting European athletes such as Lionel Messi and Rober t Lewandowski to be brand ambassadors along other entertainment stars such as Scarlett Johansson to endorse its high-end products. Europe has become Huaweis most successful overseas territory and they have overtaken Apple and became the worlds second largest smartphone maker by shipment in several countries including Finland, Italy, Poland and Spain. It has ranked number three in Germany and number four in France, (Canalys, 2016). One of the main factors that has influenced Huaweis carriage in Europe is its relationship with local phone carriers. Before they started, selling phones Huawei were earning telecom stations for European carriers such as Orange in France and Elisa Oyj in Finland. After previously building a successful relationship with already, well established businesses it has allowed Huawei a quick market entry and allowed them to take place its marketing budget on the best display positions inside local retailers, (Jeronimo, 2016). Retaining a strong relationship w ith previous clients has obviously benefited the company in establishing the brand outside of China but there are bigger problems that the company has been encountering. Although it is a huge success Huawei, starting to be recognised on a global scale but the company hasnt got much closer to its end goal of profitability due to the fact shipment of all the high-end products hushed remains limited. The rise of Huawei does deserve praise when you look at how far they come, when comparing the amount of products its shipped with Apple and Samsung its still only a fraction of what there figures are. In the first half of 2016 Huawei only shipped 3.6 million smartphones priced higher than $600. When comparing this statistic with Apples 77.8 million and Samsungs 31.6 million it just shows that there is still a troop of work needed to be done. Political UncertaintyThe main factor that is restricting Huawei from achievingfigures as high as its competitors is the fact that its unable to repl icate itsEuropean strategy in the US. Reasons for this is that is doesnt have a strongrelationship with any of the big four phone carriers in the US (Verizon,AT&T, T-Mobile and Sprint). The US is a market where phone carriersdominate smartphone sales and without the support of the industry dominators,it has and will continue to make Huaweis US ambitions a failure. In 2012, acongressional report was made stating that Huaweis hardware could be used bythe Chinese government for spying purposes. This is an allegation that thecompany continues to deny but with anti-china talks often occurring under theTrump administration this is likely going to continue as a threat for thecompany. For now, Huawei has to carry on with a less effective strategy in theUS of selling phone through lesser known carriers and online stores such asAmazon. Last year Huawei was nowhere nearly the top five smartphone makers in theUS as it only shipped 1.4 million units (Canalys ,2016). This figure aloneproves to H uawei that not enough is being done in the biggest market in theworld but with allegations being made politically, does not give them muchconfidence and belief that the issue can be rectified any time soon.Huaweis supply chain, distribution and logistics strategiesAstrong and reliable supply chain is essential to the survival of any company,for Huawei it is essential that they can rely on all stakeholders within thesupply chain as this enables them to ship products all over the world once theyhave been manufactured. When it comes to logistics Huaweis strategy has beento adopt the asset-light strategy which allows them not worry about any largeexpenditure costs to purchase any large fleet of transport themselves, theywill alternatively use courier companies to ship products all over the world. Huaweis chief executive officer has previously mentioned that they are hoping to work with suppliers allover the world to help build a business ecosystem in which all stakeholders canall create value to share the risks involved and to enjoy the benefits that thesuccess of working with each other will hopefully bring. Huawei believe thatworking closely with their suppliers is essential to building that competitiveedge and this can help them achieve the positive results needed. With theincrease of popularity of smartphones it has led to companies like Huawei to changethe strategy in which these phones are distributed. The most common source ofdistribution has previously been phone carriers distributing the phone themselling it with a periodic payment plan requiring users to sign a fixed contractduring a fixed duration. Due to the popularity of companies like Amazon, Tescoand Ebay this has given smartphone companies another platform to advertise andsell its products and gives millions of sales each year. It is imperative forcompanies like Huawei to keep up to date with key trends that are trending indifferent markets that its operating in. In emerging markets such as Russia and Africa it is common for consumers to purchase just the phone and not fixedto any contract with any phone carrier, however, in Europe and the US it isgetting increasingly popular to purchase the phone on a fixed contract basis.When it comes to distribution since 2012 Huawei has been pushing to be activein as many distribution channels and using the UK as an example it hassucceeded in doing this. In doing so Huawei sets out clear guidelines to itssuppliers and distributors that it expects them to follow. One of the mainfactors that it sets out is to pursue a sustainable approach. Sustainability ispart of Huaweis procurance strategy and to be eligible to be part of Huaweissupply chain they insist that all members must comply with applicable laws andregulations set out in Huaweis supplier sustainability agreement. They usethis agreement to continuously drive supplier improvements and to monitor and discover any risks that are can occur.Managing riskAllthese factors enabled Huawei t o minimize supply risks, increase customersatisfaction, and boost the competitiveness of the supply chain. To help thecompany ensure that all companies are complying with this agreement they riskrank and visit each company. Each year they will conduct an audit for supplierswhich represents around 90% of their procurement spending and assign a prioritylevel of high, medium or low. The factors, which determine which level isgiven, areSupplier locationProduct/material manufacturingSustainability performanceRisk management systemsEnvironmental risksOnce this audit has been conducted,it then allows Huawei to manage the performance of everyone involved in itssupply chain and they will do this annually and audit the results and anyimprovements that can be made. instruction execution appraisals are in place to determinethe reliability and performance for Huaweis suppliers and then this allowsthem to determine who they need to offer improvement to and who needs to bepraised for the keep h ard-work and loyalty given to the company. Theappraisal cover a few different factorsLabourHealth and safetyImpact it has on the environment (sustainability)Business ethicsManagement systemsIn the event of a new supplier being added to the supply chain, Huawei has a qualification process the company must pass to enable them to become business partners. This process will examine the suppliers capacity and their compliance with applicable laws and regulations set out in their own supplier sustainability Agreement. To ensure that all suppliers comply with the sustainability agreement they provide training and train that is necessary and they also encourage them to include sustainability into their business models and strategies. They do this as they view sustainability as a key to reduce business risks and to perform trading operations more efficiently. Prohibition of conflict mineralsAs sustainability is the main focus of Huaweis supply chain another focus of theirs is that companie s must have good business ethics so they prohibit the use of conflict minerals. This refers to minerals that are sold to finance ongoing-armed conflicts in which the countries are mined or smelted. This is a common position in Africa. The problem of this is making not just Huawei but other smartphone providers more aware of the issue and the US and Europe have just passed new laws to help deal with the issue and prevent the armed militias from making an come from top companies. This is not necessarily just associated with smartphone providers but the issue is a Byzantine one that will be resolved through an organised global commitment and close cooperation between businesses and governments. All these factors will contribute to a successful and sustainable supply chain. It is also imperative that Huawei stays in a close partnership with other businesses in the same industry this will allow them all to address problems that the companies may be facing or to rectify any problems tha t can occur. In a nutshell, collaboration allows us to combine strengths and ca-ca advantage to boost industry competitiveness (Huawei, 2016).ReferencesAnon, (2018). online on hand(predicate) at https//www.linkedin.com/pulse/corporate-culture-nuclear-bomb-huawei-eric-flamholtz Accessed 18 Dec. 2017. China LabourBulletin. (2018).Is corporate wolf-culture devouring Chinasover-worked employees?. online Available athttp//www.clb.org.hk/en/content/corporate-%C3%A2%E2%82%AC%C5%93wolf-culture%C3%A2%E2%82%AC%C2%9D-devouring-china%C3%A2%E2%82%AC%E2%84%A2s-over-worked-employeesAccessed 20 Dec. 2017.Europeanbusinessreview.com.(2018).Leadership Innovation Huaweis rotating CEO system TheEuropean Business Review. online Available atLeadership Innovation Huaweis rotating CEO systemAccessed 4 Jan. 2018.Forbes.com.(2018).Forbes Welcome. online Available athttps//www.forbes.com/sites/ywang/2017/09/11/huaweis-smartphone-market-share-is-growing-fast-but-it-needs-to-break-the-u-s-market-and-soon/3072 4b534333Accessed 18 Dec. 2017.Harvard Business Review. (2018).Huaweis Culture Is the Key to Its Success. online Available at https//hbr.org/2015/06/huaweis-culture-is-the-key-to-its-success Accessed 17 Dec. 2018. Harvard Business Review. (2018).Huaweis Culture Is the Key to Its Success. online Available at https//hbr.org/2015/06/huaweis-culture-is-the-key-to-its-success Accessed 5 Jan. 2018. huawei.(2018). publish Chain Management. online Available at http//www.huawei.com/en/sustainability/win-win-development/develop_supplychainAccessed 21 Dec. 2017.HUAWEI.(2018).Our Culture. online Available athttps//huaweico.wordpress.com/our-culture/ Accessed 5 Jan. 2018.Jite.org.(2018).Cite a Website Cite This For Me. online Available athttp//www.jite.org/documents/DCVol03/v03-01-Huawei.pdf Accessed 5 Jan. 2018.Majumdar, N.(2018).In Numbers The Rise of Huawei. online Emberify Blog.Available at http//emberify.com/blog/in-numbers-the-rise-of-huawei/ Accessed21 Dec. 2017.Smallbusiness.chron.com.( 2018).The Importance of Culture in Organizations. onlineAvailable athttp//smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-culture-organizations-22203.htmlAccessed 5 Jan. 2018.Study.com.(2018).What is Organizational Culture? commentary &Characteristics Video & Lesson Transcript Study.com. onlineAvailable athttps//study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-organizational-culture-definition-characteristics.htmlAccessed 17 Dec. 2017.

Facilitating Change In Health And Social Care Social Work Essay

Facilitating Change In Health And Social C ar Social flow EssayChange is a process of transitioningfrom a current situation to a desired future condition. Whether we like change or not, we atomic number 18 all told caught up in a never-ending cycle per second of change in our organizations. Some people welcome change and enjoy the uncertainty it often brings, thinking that it offers a unused challenges and opport building blockies at work. Others are on the alert about change, fearing that something valued go away be altered or lost or that risk brings unnecessary stress. In sympathize with, health and social caveat work are essentially about people, both those who impoverishment to handling services and those who provide services. People are sensitive to the impact of change and as a four-in-hand I have a particular responsibility to take care over how changes in services that are intended to deliver care within the organization.One of the reasons why change seems to be constant is that at that place are many potential stimuli for change and thither are several factors control change. The stimulus for change may come from inside an organization but it is more usual for it to come from outside. Change initiated within the organization is often a response to a force outside the organization that triggered the change. For example, factors that have a signifi backt impact on health and social care services involve government legislations and policies. Many aspects of health and social care are subject to legislation. New legal requirements emerge constantly as government seek to rectify health and social care, often through introduction of systems to set standards and to control or modify service provision. Like the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, this was enacted because of increasing numbers of accidents and incidents that happened in the past associate to work. Its main purpose is to protect and minimize people from harm. It places a gener al duty on employers to ensure health, safety and wel out-of-the-way(prenominal)e of all employees as far as is reasonably practicable. This legislation situates an impact not only on health care industry but all kinds of work. That is why until now it was expanded its scope, clarified responsibilities and responded to refreshful circumstances as they have arisen without changing the overall principles of the original Act. decree also affects service provision though legislation relating to employment, health and safety, use of public funding and through related services including education and housing. Recently, the government experience key modification which affects the eligibility of all non-EU workers who wants to work in the UK. Those persons must earn a minimum number of points. The new rules state the less points will be given for employees earning lower salaries in UK and no points to those who are paid less 20,000 per annum compare to the old rules that give a minimum p oints for those workers having 17,000 salary per year. It means the employer will have to pay new workers at least 20,000. In addition, the care providers were enormously concerned about the present government removing the senior carers from shortage condition because it might cause damage on the quality of care and in the business.Moreover, new technology is also a reason that is why change arises in health care setting. One great example is the development of internet. It change the way of sending information to the multi-disciplinary team through e-mail. Making it easier for senior lag to send and receive relevant information from GPs and other professionals and vice versa regarding service users condition while promoting privacy and confidentiality. It also change our ways of using records and libraries. Staffs in health and care services have access to an increasing range of information that is available to practitioners in health and social care. Service users expect us to m ake use of evidence in making decisions and database of best practice models are increasingly available. In my workplace, the management use the internet to provide trainings for cater which is more suitable and can be done in our own convenient time. For residence and relatives, its a fact that most of the relatives of our service users are far away from each other. However with the utilization of the internet, distance is not a big deal anymore. For relatives and services user who have soulal computers or laptops can make conversation and see each other with the use of webcam and chat rooms through the internet.Service delivery is also influence by use of new developments in equipments. Like the new equipment acquired by Barts and The London NHS Trust the two state-of-the-art Lifeport organ transporters. It endow with a valuable sustenance for patients needing a kidney transplant. It stores healthy kidneys after they are removed from the donor before being transplanted into the recipient. This is a critical period for ensuring that the organ does not deteriorate and become unusable. contradictory before that they rely on ice to conserve the kidney, the new equipment maintains the organ in a fluid rich in nutrients and oxygen, which significantly extends the storage period. For the new equipments, it does change the old method to a new way that allows hope for more patients to have successful kidney transplants. In care home settings, the acquisition of new equipments like the air force mattress is indispensable equipment for anyone at high risk of developing pressure ulcers or who have existing pressure ulcers. The alternating pressure of the mattress depends on the weight of the service user allowing relieved on a regular basis and trim down the number of times a person needs to be turned, greatly enhancing the comfort of the very poorly or terminally ill.In addition, economic factors also drive change. These factors include the general successfulness o f the country and its neighbourhood, the rate of unemployment, areas of poverty, the level of inflation and exchange rates in relationships involving other countries and currencies. The state of the rescue affects the level of demand for goods and services, the prosperity of communities and the availability and be of raw materials and labours. The economy tends to move in cycles, but these are not easy to predict. All services, whether public services, private services or charity provision, are affected by changes in the economy.At present, there were lots of changes in the health and social care sector due to the recent financial crisis that affects the economy of United Kingdom. As a result, the coalition government have wasted no time to save money in reshaping parts of the health services. tally to the health secretary, the popular NHS direct services will be substitute with cheaper alternative. Under the governments plans, some strategic health authorities and hundreds of pr imary care assertion are to be abolished affecting thousands of employees and service users. Examples of recent cost-cutting measures cited by professionals are hospital bed closures, pressure to give patients cheaper, slower-acting drugs, cuts to occupational health support, and reductions in lodge health services. Furthermore, according to a study, it make known that for the most part of job losses it involved frontline staff as patient services are withdrawn. Along with mounting numbers of patients are being deprived of treatment for conditions such as loss of sight, arthritis and infertility as theNHSincreasingly rations healthcare in order to save money. But, the spending cuts done by the government does not only affect the health and social care sector but the livelihood of Britons as a whole. It affects the sick, the disabled and Britains poorest families. Among the biggest cuts are only allowing claimants to have the replacement for Incapacity Benefit, the Employment and Support permissiveness for one year, Cutting Disability Allowance for those people in care. Cutting Council Tax avail by 10%. Reductions in the help given for childcare to working families, and slashing housing benefit for the under-35s by paying them the shared room rate instead of enough to live on their own etc.,To be able to facilitate change in health and social care, as a manager I need to be able to understand the principles of change management. According to John Kotter, an authority of lead and change, change has both an emotional and situational components and methods for managing each are expressed in his 8 step model. To value his model, as a managers there must be an understanding about the suppression and to cause employees emotion. During any period of change, a manager must deal with feelings of complacency, anger, false pride, arrogance, panic, exhaustion and anxiety among staffs. These are all emotions that can challenge and undermine attempts at promoting chang e. As managers I need to be able to turn these negative feelings into positive and proactive feelings such as faith, trusts urgency, hope, passion and enthusiasm which are emotions that promote change.On the first phase the model explained the phase of creating a climate for change. As a manager, there is need to develop a sense of urgency to staff. That action is needed regarding a foreseen difficulty. This can be done during meetings by explaining the situation through showing related videos and sharing stories. As the urgency grows among the staffs, as a manager, there is necessity to develop a guiding team that guide the change throughout the remain steps. Members of the guiding team could be unit managers, senior carers or persons who have a relevant knowledge about the changes that occur in the organization, the ability to constitute credibility and trusts to peers, the formal authority associated with managerial skill and the leadership. With the manager, alongside with the guiding team, must develop a vision expressed in a clear, elliptic statement about the direction in which the organization is headed.Engaging and enabling the whole organization is the second phase of Kotters model. Here, anxiety, anger, panic, among staff will rise because the manager or guiding team announces the impending change. Whenever, change is about to take place, people begin to wonder. That is why the guiding team needs to communicate to the individual or groups that are to be affected by change. And need to address these feelings and help staff to think and act in accordance with the new direction. An stiff way to communicate the vision is to develop an engaging story that catches the attention of the change initiates. If there is a resistance to the staff at certain point, a dialogue between the guiding team and staff initiates a question and answer session. Staffs displays understanding when they realized the advantage, rewards and perquisites that they will gain on ce the change is completed. As the pathways to change are cleared, staffs must need to carefully choose and complete tasks that clearly show that the change is succeeding. Tasks completed provide further urgency and neural impulse among the organization and lessen the impact of negative comments.At the final phase, the action plan is implemented fully allowing staff not to let up of the change. collaboration occurs when staffs are willing to endorse or stand behind the change and displays commitment. As managers, at this phase, should sustain the change. It is done when a new way of in operation(p) has been shown to staff to succeed over the some minimum period of time Staffs at this point, displays advocacy that maintains the attitudes and behaviours supporting the change..To relate this in my work, in my care home, there are recent changes that were implemented due staffs failing to do seemly credentials. Firsts, the home manager scheduled a meeting and consultation to all the unit managers. At the meeting, to develop a sense of urgency among staff, she used a video based scenario regarding right documentation. The video shows the positive and negative effect of proper documentation to staffs, occupiers and management. In the meeting, everyone was asked about the ways to improve the situation. Then, decided that every staff should be knowledgeable and competent enough to do appropriate documentation at work through trainings and observations to make sure that they have the awareness, understanding and collaboration about the agenda of the meeting. On the other hand, the unit managers are to be the guiding team to lead, direct and show the proper way of documentation to unit staffs. Before the meeting ends, she makes sure that everyone understands about the directions in which the organization is headed and there would be recognition as the best unit that could implement the change.Finally, now every staff is confident regarding answering the forms in the care plans of every resident and certain to do the right documentation. The as proposed the guiding team use appraisal and supervision to measure the change. Plus the home manager monitored the change by evaluating the care plans of the residents with the help of a unit manager every end of the month for this change to become a culture in the care home.

India and UK Financial Insurance Industry Analysis

India and UK Financial damages Industry AnalysisChapter 1 IntroductionThe monetary performance of amends labor contribute be assessed by knowing either its strategies or by knowing its profitability. Know leadge of strategy go forth helps in examining internal and external shoes of a comp both. Comparative subject field of damages vault of heaven is analysis of financial performance of whatsoever oddmentitution company. This is directly linked with the earning potential and effectiveness of heed strategies of a company.Choosing a wise damages is in truth crucial because of, balance to the perils and returns. The reason for choosing Indian and UK policy industry for the enquiry is because of improved stintingalal berth of the rural and attach in the value of insurance policy in the country during last several years. The UK Economy is the largest in Europe and is in resembling manner ranked as the fifth worldwide as per the market exchange rates, in bourns o f GDP (Broadberry et al, 1992) were Indian economy is now improving and it is now booming ingathering in insurance companies were greatest effect of Indian economy during the last several years.This would need a grate deal of financial planning knowledge, as well as the knowledge close the current financial market indeed it can comp be the different to the insurance companies the analysis of different insurance companies from India and UK. Also insurance companies has to manage their investment in such a way that the principal amount should not erode, investor should get the sure returns those company has promised. This would invite a grate deal of knowledge about the portfolio management of the risk and return and comparative degree study of insurance industries.Comparative study of insurance is also a topic of hunger for many economists. Till date many researches has been carried out for comparative study of financial analysis in banking sphere and very few research has be en taken on insurance industry. The main purpose of the research is to find comparative study of insurance companies in India and UK. What characteristic leave behind de depotine of insurance industry is the main thrust behind the research. Further research is carried out to know in depth relationship of various characteristics that will make up the of Indian and UK insurance industry. The main outline objectives of the research ar as underA Research Design is the framework or plan for a study which is used as a guide in collecting and analyzing the data collected. It is the blue print that is fol execrableed in completing the study. The underlying objective of research cannot be attained without a proper research design. It specifies the methods and procedures for acquiring the information needed to conduct the research effectively. It is the over every last(predicate) ope symmetrynal prototype of the project that stipulates what information needs to be collected, from which s ources and by what methods.Objectives of the researchThis research has been carried out to comparative study of insurance companies and analyzes financial performance between Indian and UKs insurance companies. The main aims of the research atomic number 18To analyze financial performance of insurance companies in India and UKTo evaluate factors that de termine financial performance of insurance companiesTo carry out strategic financial analysis of insurance in India and UKThe structure of the research paper is as follows Chapter 2 reviews the literature on comparative study of insurance sector Chapter 3 describes the subject matter of the research the Indian and UK economy and insurance industries Chapter 4 outlines the methodology and data used in this study Chapter 5 presents the analysis and Findings and Chapter 6 discusses the results obtained in the context of the underlying theory the findings of another(prenominal) empirical research Chapter 7 concludes the research outli ning the limitations of the current study and makes recommendations for further work.Chapter 2 Literature Review2.1 TheoryInsurance is, a contract in which one party agrees to compensate another party fir any losses or damages caused by risk identified in the contract in exchange for the payment of a lump summarize or full pointic amounts of money to the first party. In simple meaning facilitates recompense during crisis situations, insurance means promise of compensation for any potential future(a) losses.Insurance is a form of risk management mainly used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. It is designed to protect the financial certificate system of an individual, company or other entity in the case of unexpected loss. Insurance is define as the realistic transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for a subvention. It is a contract between two parties the underwriter (the insurance company) and the insured (the person or unit seeki ng the cover) in which the insurer agrees to pay the insured for financial losses arising out of any unforeseen casefuls in return for a regular payment of gift. These unforeseen events are defined as risk and that is why insurance is called a risk cover.Insurance whitethorn be described as a social device to fall down or eliminate risk of loss to carriage and property. Under the plan of insurance, a large number of people correlate themselves by sharing risks affiliated to individuals. The risks which can be insured against include fire, the perils of sea, death and accidents and burglary. Any risk contingent upon these, may be insured against at a premium suitable with the risk touch. Thus collective bearing of risk is insurance.Analyzing insurance companies is very different from analyzing corporate and thus presents unique challenges and industry specific issues. The ability of any insurance company to meet its policy obligations is the foundation of the industry. Absent the trust of policyholders in the financial integrity of any insurer and the industry as a whole, this risk transfer mechanism/industry would collapse. This truth is even to a greater extent acute in the ES industry where no guaranty funds exist, take out New Jersey.However, rapid maturement of Insurance sector during the situation liberalization tip is seen as the most substantive event in financial sector hist. in view of the fact that then, lot of changes take place in the sector as it was exposed to new challenges of competitive competition. For the first measure, the hugger-mugger and unconnected players were given entry and thus the sector saw a wonderful rate of growth in its chore. A well-developed insurance sector is needed for economic training for a rising economy like India as it provides pine-term funds for physical and social infrastructure progress at the same time make stronger the risk taking ability.The investment supplies for India in the upcoming years a re well-known. Thus, Insurance sector, to some extent, can enable investments in infrastructure developing to help maintain economic growth of the country. In this backdrop, we raise two questions what is the contribution of insurance sector growth towards economic development and financial intermediation in India and United Kingdom. Our study does not stop here as we take a step further to examine the financial and economic growth effects of Insurance sector reforms and the rate of growth of reforms.The insurance companies offer a comprehensive range of insurance plans. The most common types include term livelihood policies, endowment policies, joint animation policies, whole life policies, lend cover term assurance policies, unit-linked insurance plans, group insurance policies, pension plans, and annuities. oecumenical insurance plans are also available to cover motor insurance, home insurance, travel insurance and wellness insurance.Due to the growing contract for insura nce, more than(prenominal) and more insurance companies are now emerging insurance sector all over the world. With the opening up of the economy, several international leaders in the insurance sector are trying to venture into the insurance industry.The comparative study of insurance sector, Analysis of ratios are calculated from companys balance sheet and income statement and are used to evaluate the performance of the company in a particular reporting period.Analysis of ratios can be compared to the previous years in tell apart to assess trends or between the comparable companies across the industry in classify to get the relative performance estimation. It is very important that every ratio should have a reference point the industry (sector) average or median. The ratio analysis works better if comparing ratios not with the complete make up of companies within a particular industry, but with a preferred subset of companies that share certain features, produce the similar pro duct, and have identical macroeconomic and organisational factors bear on them.For the study of companies, operating in several industries it can be helpful to run a cross-sectional analysis to identify a group of firms, involved in the same mix of industries. In some cases a proportion to the economy averages can be meaningful, especially in successful or compress economies. in that respectfore, stable margins may be a good indicator during the recession, while the industry and economy averages are declined.It is also important to that usually conclusions can not be made from reviewing one set of ratios. That creates a necessity of a complex analysis of one set of ratios against another. The classification of the objective ratio for the comparison may require a substantial amount of work and a good judgment in order to evaluate a range of possible and acceptable values.Although the understandable simplicity, such ratios have certain limitations that often make them most usefu l at identify questions to be answered rather than giving answers to them. There are multiple factors affecting and limiting comparative study of insurance sector, in particular the actual comparability of the firms and different accounting policies used by them are among the most important ones.The issue of comparability may become one the critical aspects to pay attention to while performing the analysis. Various macroeconomic or legislative factors may apply to the companies in the same industry but in different countries that sometimes makes a direct comparison inappropriate. Comparisons with other companies may become even more difficult because of different accounting policies, especially outside the US. Thus different accounting methods may result in significantly different ratio values that require normalization by the analyst.2.2 Classification of insurance sectorThere are mainly two types of insurance life and non-life (general)Life insurance is touch on with making prov ision for specific event happening to the individual, such as death whereas universal Insurance(non-life) is more unremarkably concerned with provision for a specific event affects properly, such as fire, flood , larceny, burglary etc.The major difference between Life Insurance and General Insurance is the Principal of indemnity. Indemnity means making good the loss i.e. for tangible goods, one can make good for the loss that has been caused due to reasons like theft, fire or natural disaster. Here basically we can value the exact monetary value of a commodity, but in case of life insurance the principal of indemnity does not work, since we can not value in any way the value of human life.2.3 There are five-spot main sectorsLife InsuranceHome InsuranceAuto InsuranceHealth InsuranceDisability InsuranceSection 2 (11) of Insurance do work 1938 defines Life Insurance Business as followsLife insurance Business is the business of effecting contracts of insurance upon human life, inc luding any contract whereby the payment of money is assured on death or the happening of any contingency dependent on human life and any contract which is subject to the payment of premium for a term dependent on human life and shall be deemed to include. (Mukherjee and Hanif, 2007)In simple term we define life insurance as a contract in which the insurer in consideration of certain premium, either in a lump sum or by other triennial payments, agrees to pay to the assured sum of money , on the happening of specific event contingent on the human life.2.4 Benefits of insurance industriesLife insurance has long been a staple in basic estate planning. Life insurancecan provide an income tax-free death benefit* far in surplus of the premiums paid. However, much of the life insurance proceeds can be wasted if the ownership and beneficiary designations are not properly structured.Superior to Any former(a) Saving PlanUnlike any other savings plan, a life insurance policy affords full prot ection against risk of death. In the event of death of a policy holder the insurance company makes available the full sum assured to the policyholders near and dear ones.Encourages and Forces ThriftA saving deposit can easily be withdrawn. The payment of life insurance premiums, however, is considered sacrosanct and is viewed with the same seriousness as the payment of interest on a mortgage. Thus, a life insurance policy in effect brings about compulsory savings.Easy Settlement and Protection against CreditorsA life insurance policy is the only financial instrument the proceeds of which can be protected against the claims of a creditor of the assured by effecting a valid assignment of the policy.Administering the bequest for BeneficiariesSpeculative or unwise expenses can promptly cause the proceeds to be squandered. Several policies have foreseen this possibility and provide for payments over a period of years or in a combination of installments and lump sum amounts.Ready Marketa bility and Suitability for Quick BorrowingA life insurance policy can, after a certain time period (generally three years) ,be surrendered for a cash value. The policy is also acceptable as a security for a commercial loan, for example, a student loan. It is particularly advisable for housing loans when an acceptable LIC policy may also cause the lending first appearance to give loan at lower interest rates.Disability BenefitsDeath is not only hazard that is insured many policies also include disability benefits. Typically, these provide for outpouring of future premiums and payments of monthly installments spread over certain time period.Accidental Death BenefitsMany policies can also provide for an extra sum to be paid (typically equal to the sum assured) if death occurs as a result of accident.Tax ReliefUnder the Indian Income Tax Act, the following tax eternal sleep is available20% of the premium paid can be deducted from your total income tax liability.100% of the premium pa id is deductible from your total taxable income.When these benefits are factored in, it is found that most policies offer returns that are comparable or even better than other saving modes such as PPF, NSC etc. Moreover, the cost of insurance is a very negligible.The issue of comparability may become one the critical aspects to pay attention to while performing the analysis. Various macroeconomic or legislative factors may apply to the companies in the same industry but in different countries that sometimes makes a direct comparison inappropriate. Comparisons with other companies may become even more difficult because of different accounting policies, especially outside the US. Thus different accounting methods may result in significantly different ratio values that require normalization by the analyst.Seasonality may also affect the ratios if the business is a subject to seasonal fluctuations in demand, thus year-end values may not be enough representatives and should also be norma lized.Most of the ratios are preferred to be within the industry averages or economy norms. For example, all turnover ratios belong to this category. However, for some ratios the extreme deviations from the industry averages may mean that the company is highly attractive for the investors. This is usually true for all ratios dealing with income or cash flows.There are different insurance companies that offer wide range of insurance options and an insurance purchaser can strike as per own convenience and preference. Several insurances provide comprehensive coverage with affordable premiums. Premiums are periodical payment and different insurers offer diverse premium options.Insurance companies may be classified into two groupsLife insurance companies (which sell life insurance, annuities and pensions products) andNon-life, General, or Property/Casualty insurance companies (which sell other types of insurance).Life insurance is concerned with making provision for specific event happe ning to the individual, such as death whereas General Insurance(non-life) is more unremarkably concerned with provision for a specific event affects properly, such as fire, flood , theft, burglary etc.The major difference between Life Insurance and General Insurance is the Principal of indemnity. Indemnity means making good the loss i.e. for tangible goods, one can make good for the loss that has been caused due to reasons like theft , fire or natural disaster. Here basically we can value the exact monetary value of a commodity, but in case of life insurance the principal of indemnity does not work, since we can not value in any way the value of human life.2.5 Introduction of insurance sectorIndiaIn India, the concept of insurance was never a serious thought as compared to other countries. People still are under insured, life insurance premium to gross Domestic Product (GDP) ratio is a mere 1.4% as compared to a wellnessier rate of 8% amongst other developing with worthless state of work provided.Presently in India, the insurance sector is nationalized, services are rendered by Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and General Insurance keep company (GIC) along with its 4 subsidiaries .While LIC provides life insurance, GIC is concerned with non life insurance. Motor, marine, fire, health and personal accident insurance. LIC employs people in various departments publicity, public relation department , development department, personal department , accounts department, legal department ,investment department , inspection department, mortgages department vigilance department, foreign department, corporate planning department, building department etc.Of late, fan tans nod for the insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) bill has changed the whole scenario. With the passage of the bill, entry of Private Indian as well as foreign companies, a long with existing players, in the insurance sector will add variety and quality to the present insu rance services. The other peremptory impact would be on creation of new employment opportunities. Till now employment in the insurance sector was considered akin to any government job, but now with private participation, it will assume significance importance and probably become an exciting career option.UKsThe UK Insurance sector trunk a crucial contributor to the UK economy after the public, banking and manufacturing sectors. The industry accounts for approximately 10% of total UK IT expenditure, and positive growth is expected to continue for the abutting few years as insurance firms begin to realize the benefits to be gained from IT investment.Although the United Kingdom (UK) insurance market is now one of the five largest in the world, relatively little is known about the practices of the major firms and policy-makers which influence its operations. In particular, whilst the determinants of rating agencies assessments of United States (US) insurers is well documented, publi shed studies have yet to provide comprehensive cause about insurance company ratings in the UK. (Hardwick, P and et al, 2000)2.6 Current scenario of insurance industryBreaking of strict monopoly of LIC was not an easy task where to an audience who spelled insurance as LIC. LIC is working for last 50n years and caved its name for itself in the Indian psyche. Insurance being long term contract, an established name means persuasion of security and more importantly LIC policies come with the safety tag-the most touted government guarantee.To enter private insurers with an altogether new agency force, all ready to hawk freshly designed insurance policies. and the market scene a government owned established insurance entity-the Life insurance Corporation with a field force of over 6,00,000agents and more than 80 products to choose from.Purchase of Insurance is a decision that determine by a number of demographic as well as personal behavior factors. Main responsible factors include Ag e, Income, Education, Risk, etc. whatsoever of the important determinants as review by different scientists in their research are as under2.7 Risk and return in industryRisk seems to be a fact of life experienced by an individual as well as by a whole organization. This risk may be economic, physical or financial. There is an attach in unexpected losses caused by natural disasters as well as accidental damage. Wealth is subject to possible loss, and therefore everyone from individual to the whole financial firm desire to invest in loss prevention activities that reduce the probability of loss (Hoffman, 2007). A sense of security may be the next basic goal after food, clothing, and shelter.There are various forms of risk is exist in the market. All the risks are differed from each other. Some risks creates a quick big impact on a business while, the impact of some risks can be seen at a long run. The risk in business is always associated with losses. Prevention and management of ri sk is only possible after having sufficient information regarding its intensity. Preventing and managing risk is one of the burning issues for the corporate world. The management of any company is always looking for the thing that will reduce the risk on their investment and definitely gives some output on the account of their investment. The last-ditch thing that will satisfy this need is the return. Return is the proportionate sum of capital given to the investors for their investment. In other words, return is some kind of security against the investment made for any kind a business.Figure 2.1 Risks management in businessAssetMarketCreditOperatingBusiness eventLiquidityCatastropheNon-CatastropheRiskFinancial risk is mainly divided in to 2 main categories i.e. Systematic or Market risks and Unsystematic risk. The risk associated with an investment can be broadly divided into two categories based on nature and occurrence of risk. Some risks are associated with the firm, and that r isks are called as firm-specific, whereas the rest of the risk is associated with market condition and generally affects all investments in whole market. The firm specific risk can be further sub-divided in to various categories. Some firm specific risks are affect s project value that is called Project specific risk and in some cases projects value is modify by the nature of competitions and that type of risks are known as Competitive risks. Some risks are affecting the value of a whole industry and so known as Industry associated risks. In some cases, all the companies in a market will affect by macro economic factors and so that type of risk is known as Market specific risk (Friend and Bicksler, 1977).Default risk is the risk fallen on the part of financial institution or a creditors for your investments i.e. weather they are able to make a monthly return on your asset or not. To achieve short term financial goals most of the investors preferred cash investments. The only limita tion with use of cash investments is that, they are unable to produce higher returns over long term as compared to other financial options. The only reason for this is cash investments are unable to adjust inflation rates. In other words cash investments are not preferable source of investment for long term project. So, what are the other options that will satisfies needs for investment of long term project.2.8 Empirical research scotch decisions are made on both the negative as well as positive issues. Positive issue studies on insurance step by step integrated these issues via assimilating developments in the field of risk and uncertainty following works by Arrow (1963), Lewis (1989), (1953) and others. The economics on insurance demand became more attentive on evaluating the amount of risk to be shared between the insured and the insurer rather than evaluation of life or property values.Economic value judgments are made on both the normative as well as positive issues. Later stud ies on insurance gradually incarnate these issues via assimilating developments in the field of risk and uncertainty following works by von Neumann and Morgenstern (1947), Arrow (1953), Debreu (1953) and others. The economics on insurance demand became more purposeful when determining the amount of risk to be shared between the insured and the insurer rather than evaluation of property values.Headen and Lee (1974) studied the effects of short run financial market behaviour and consumer expectations on purchase of ordinary life insurance and developed structural determinants of life insurance demand.Morris and Barbara A (2003) study about Risk Insurance and mean study related with a Wedge between Insurers and Reinsurers, authored by credit analysts and legitimate disagreements between insurers and reinsurers about the values attributed. Criteria and claims values, insurers and reinsurers are equally concerned with the Risk.Cole et al, (2008) theoretical in observed research related to the comparative analysis between property-casualty insurance industry, studies commonly focus on either insurers or reinsurers.Richard et al (2008) give article of features a presentation and discussant comments on hurricane and wind insurance organized by Richard A., for the American Risk and Insurance Association (ARIA) 2007 Annual Meeting in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.Venard et al. (2008) determine in the article of analyzes Hungarys insurance sector as an important part of the countrys economic transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. It details the historic economic development of the Hungarian insurance market from a state monopoly to a competitive.Yu, Tong et al 2008) study about Intangible assets facilitates insurers capacity to retain existing business and attract new clients. In his study it can be shows that analyze how the incentives to protect intangible assets affect asset risk-taking behaviour of property and ability insurers.Browne et al. (1993) concluded that income and social security expenditures are significant determinants of insurance demand. They further concluded that inflation has a negative correlation with demand of purchasing for insurance.Beck and Webb (2003) identified the two main services provided by life insurance income replacement for premature death and long-term savings instruments. They further found that demographic variables, higher levels of education and greater urbanisation as self-employed person factors in explaining insurance demand.Income has been found to be having a positive association with health insurance purchase decision consistently in different studies conducted in different countries Propper (1989) in UK Cameron, Trivedi (1988) in Australia and Hurd and McGarry (1997) in USA.Health insurance choice essentially entailed a simple decision whether or not to purchase private health insurance (Barrett and Conlon 2003). Binary discrete choice models using either logit or probit has been used to analyse determinants of this type of purchase decision. Cameron and Trivedi and Cameron (1991) specified a conditional expected good function that is associated with alternative health care regimes. The consumer chooses the regime that maximizes expected utility.Feldstein (1973) has argued that as the price of health care increases, the demand for insurance should increase as well because this causes an increase in the risk of net worth depletion and thus an increase in the demand for insurance. Healthcare expenditure largely depends on healthcare costs. Recent research has documented that most of the secular change in health insurance coverage can be attributed to higher health care costs (Cutler et al. 2002).Zietz (2003) and Hussels et al (2005) has studied about purchasing behaviour of a customer to purchase life insurance over a period of 50 years. The research further concluded that there is a positive association observed between increase in savings behaviour , financial services industry and demand for life insurance.Beenstock et al. (1988) noted that marginal tendency to insure i.e. increase in insurance spending when income rises by 1$, differs from country to country and premium rates are varies directly with real rates of interest.Browne and Kim (1993) found from his study that income and social security expenditures are significant determinants of insurance demand however, inflation has a negative correlation with demand of insurance.Beck et al. (2003) found out the two main services provided by life insurance income replacement for premature death and long-term savings instruments. They considered three demographic variables i.e. young dependency ratio, old dependency ratio and life expectancy, higher levels of education and greater urbanization as independent factors in explaining insurance demand.Income is positively co-related with purchase of health insurance product, concluded from various studies conducted in different count ries by Propper (1989) in UK Cameron and Trivedi (1988) in Australia and Hurd and McGarry (1997) in USA.Barrett and Conlon (2003) concluded from their study that choice of health insurance essentially entailed a simple decision whether or not to purchase private health insurance. Binary discrete choice models using either logit or probit has been used to analyze determinants of this type of purchase decision.Cameron and Trivedi (1991) specified a conditional expected utility function that is associated with alternative health care regimes. The consumer chooses the regime that maximizes expected utility.Feldstein (1973) noted that as the price of health care increases, the demand for insurance should also increase. This is because an increase in the risk of net worth depletion. Healthcare expenditure largely depends on healthcare costs.Nyman (1999) noted that higher healthcare costs may led to higher demand for insurance in the face of rising costs. However, people belonging to diff erent income groups are likely to respond differently to these changes. Kronick and Gilmer (1999) argue persons with low incomes and few assets buy insurance primarily to protect their health.Van De Ven and Van Praag (1981) noted that, education and income are generally positively correlated. Higher income generally decreases the prospect cost associated with the purchase of private health insurance. Overall, increases in both income and education would be expected to lead to an increase in the probability of buying the insurance.Some studies conducted in context with the financial performance of General Insurance Companies of India. The Researcher has studied those research works which are as followsPerformance of various plans marketed by Life Insurance Corporation of India A case study of Rajkot Division, A dissertation by Mrs.Sonal Naina evalua

The Self in Beloved, Secrets and Lies, and One Flew Over The Cuckoos N

Self in Beloved, Secrets and Lies, and One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest        Ones personality resides directly within sensations self.  The self ultimately determines the characteristics of an individual.  The self is composed of many different qualities that concord one unique.  Everyone has self. However, there are varying degrees of sense of self.  some people enjoy a strong sense of self while others do not.  The question though, is what truly characterizes a strong sense of self from a weak one? In Riverside Websters II dictionary it defines the word self as the essential being of one person as trenchant from any other. A particular aspect of a person (Websters 614).  While factually this definition is correct, I believe the true definition of self is comfortably more complex.        In returning back to my question about the different senses of self, the unique qualities that compose the self must first be analyzed.  Personality is one of the most significant components of self. I believe if one has a weak sense of self-sense then they are easily swayed by others opinions.  Decisions are difficult to make on theyre own and they need the constant companionship of others to make them feel complete.  Conversely, I believe that an individual, who is very confident and independent, exhibits a strong sense of self.  These types of individuals are not afraid to stand up for their beliefs.   An emotionally and socially strong person assesses a situation and does not take the easy way out.  They attempt to achieve what is best and do what is morally necessary to achieve their goals.&nbs... ...its such a disillusioned image of self and she cannot resist from stealing the spotlight, even on Roxanne birthday.  Cynthia reverts to these low level because her of weak sense of self.        Overall, I believe that ones p ersonality is a direct reflection of ones self.  Self defines and determines the unique characteristics portrayed in an individual.  The are many different levels of self that people portray.  An individual who is very passive and allows others to take advantage of them demonstrates a weak sense of self, much like Sethe and Cynthia.  On the other hand, McMurphy proves to be an excellent representation of a man with a strong self-awareness.  He forbids other people, such as nurse Rachet from autocratic him.  McMurphy shows the true definition of a strong sense of self.

Body Image Presented Through the Media Essay -- essays research papers

Body Image Presented Through The MediaIn the world we go through in today, we are constantly hearing or seeing advertisements through the media about why you need to lose weight, grow more hair, or hand over whiter teeth, etc. It is scary to just sit down and watch these advertisements on TV, because they make you feel that if you do not capture the perfect body image, which I do not believe there is one, then you will not get the job you want or the boyfriend or girlfriend you have been going after, almost basically just saying that you will be a loser the rest of your life and no one will same you if you do not look a certain way. I do not want to sound like I am contradicting myself here, but do not get me wrong it is very important for a person to present themself, look attractive, eat healthy and exercise. I just think our lodge has reached a bode where we have become to obsessed with every little part of our appearance. Plastic surgery has got to the point where people a re getting their fountain adjusted more than a Mr. Potato Head doll. Every week I see a new miracle drug infomercial on TV that claims to improve your life drastically just because it will make your hair thicker, your penis larger, or your skin tanner. I thought this group really got their point across when they talked about all of the reality shows focused on changing a persons image or making them look like a fame or someone they are not. The cl...